老年患者下呼吸道感染病原菌分布和耐药性分析
[摘要]目的：了解我院老年患者下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及其耐药性。方法：对2005年1月~ 2006年1月老年患者深部痰细菌培养及药敏试验结果进行回顾性分析。结果：472例痰标本中376例培养阳性，阳性率为79.7%；376例阳性标本中检出病原菌396株，其中革兰阴性杆菌270株（68.2%），革兰阳性球菌71株（17.9%），真菌55株（13.9%）；铜绿假单胞菌居首位（30.8%）；肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌的ESBLs阳性率分别为14.7%和20.8%；药敏试验结果显示，亚胺培南对肠杆菌科细菌保持100.0%的抗菌活性；铜绿假单胞菌对多种抗菌药物敏感性下降，出现20.0%对亚胺培南耐药株；葡萄球菌属对万古霉素一致敏感。 结论：老年患者下呼吸道感染以革兰阴性杆菌为主，而且耐药性较强，临床微生物室应加强病原菌及其耐药性的监测，以指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。
[关键词]老年患者；下呼吸道感染；病原菌；耐药性
[中图分类号] R37 [文献标识码]B [文章编号]1673-7210（2007）10（a）-096-03
The distribution and resistance of pathogenic bacteria in senile patients with lower respiratory tract infection
LIU Chao-mei,WU Huai-shu,ZHENG Xiao-hua
(The 253 Hospital of PLA, Huhhot 010051,China)
[Abstract]Objective: To comprehend the distribution and resistance to antimicrobial agents of pathogenic bacteria causing lower respiratory tract infection in senile patients of our hospital. Methods: The bacterial culturing and the tests on the antibiotic from the deep phlegm of the senile patients with lower respiratory infection from January 2005 to January 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Totally 472 phlegm samples were tested and 376 of them had bacteria with the positive rate of79.7%. 396 strains of bacteria were isolated from them. The strains of Gram-negative bacilli were 270(68.2%); there were 71 strains of Gram-positive cocci (17.9%) and there were 55 strains of fungi (13.9%). P. aeruginosa occupied the first place. 14.7% strains of K. pneumoniae and 20.8% strains of E. coli pro...
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