果蔬采后炭疽病病原菌的分子识别
(天津科技大学食品工程与生物技术学院，天津300457)
摘要：本研究旨在分析果蔬采后炭疽病病原菌菌种特异的分子特征，为建立早期分子检测方法奠定基础｡利用筛选的炭疽病病害标本，通过对微观特征观察及柯贺氏法则的验证，确定5种病原菌作为研究对象｡采用真菌核糖体基因转录间隔区域(ITS)通用引物进行PCR扩增，在序列分析的基础上，设计特异性引物｡首次为多种疽病菌的准确鉴定和采后炭疽病的快速､准确的检测提供了技术和方法｡
关键词：炭疽病；刺盘孢属；内转录间隔区(ITS)；PCR扩增
中图分类号：S435．621．2+2文献标识码：B文章编号：0439－8114(2008)06－0715－02
Molecular Detection of Fruit and Vegetable Anthracnose
HUANG Shu，JIANG Yun－bin，LI Xi－hong
(Tianjin University of Science and Technology，Tianjin 300457，China)
Abstract： The molecular character of the pathogenic fungi Colletotrichum was studied which caused fruits and vegetables anthracnose in order to help developping molecular detection methods．Five possible Colletotrichum from the anthracnose in fruits and vegetables were used in this article． The ITS of the ribosomal RNA gene from Colletotrichum were amplified with the polymerase chain reaction by the universal primers and sequenced． Based on the differences of these ITS DNA sequences of Colletotrichum， a couple of specific primers was synthesized． Moreover， a real－time PCR has been developed by the PCR for multiplicate Colletotrichum detection．
Key worlds： anthracnose；Colletotrichum；ITS；PCR assay
炭疽病(anthracnose)是果蔬采后危害严重的一种常见病害｡传统炭疽病菌的鉴定主要基于形态学特征及病性测定｡近年来，随着分子生物学的发展，分子生物技术开始应用于植物炭疽病的检测｡本研究通过分离多种果蔬上炭疽病菌，利用Colletotrichum属及近缘属序列设计通用引物，再根据ITS序列设计出特异性引物，进行PCR扩增，以期对炭疽菌的分子生物学检测奠定基础｡
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