玄参内生真菌分离、鉴定及系统发育分析
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[摘要]分别从武隆产区玄参根、主茎、侧枝、叶片和重庆市区栽培玄参侧枝中分离内生真菌,根据形态学特征和26SrDNA D1/D2测序结果对其进行鉴定,并进行了种群多样性分析,对优势属炭疽菌属内生真菌构建了系统发育树。试验结果显示:真菌种群多样性指数,武隆玄参叶片>主茎=侧枝>根,重庆玄参侧枝>武隆玄参侧枝。共计分离得到内生真菌58株,绝大部分是各种植物病原菌,其优势属为刺盘孢属Colletotrichum,其中绝大多数是C. gloeosporioides和C. boninense。叶片和子芽可能是内生菌侵染的主要途径;内生菌和病原菌可能相互转化,受环境、基因型等多种因素影响。
[关键词] 玄参; 内生真菌; 鉴定; 系统发育分析
[Abstract] The endophytic fungi from root, main stem, branch and leaf of Scrophularia ningpoensis were isolated and identified from Wulong and Chongqing, and the population diversity analysis and phylogenetic analysis were followed. The result indicated that, as to population diversity index, S. ningpoensis from Wulong: leaf>main stem = branch>root, branch from Chongqing>branch from Wulong. Fifty-eight endophytic fungi were obtained, most of which were the pathogens of the plant. Colletotrichum was the prevailing genus, of which C. gloeosporioides and C. boninense were the prevailing strains. Leaf and seedlings might be the main path of infection. Endophytic fungi and pathogen might convert to each other, influenced by such factors as environment, genotype et al.
[Key word] Scrophularia ningpoensis; endophytic fungi; identification; phylogenetic analysis
玄參为玄参科玄参属植物玄参Scrophularia ningpoensis的干燥根,始载于《神农本草经》,性微寒,味甘、苦、咸,具有凉血滋阴、泻火解毒的功效,主治热病伤阴诸证,如骨蒸、痨咳、津伤便秘、温毒发斑,及目赤、咽痛、臃肿等...
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