镉对烟草的毒害及烟草抗镉机理研究进展
摘 要：近年来，烟草的重金属安全性引起了人们的广泛关注，也一直是国内外烟草研究的热点之一。烟草属于易富集镉的作物，土壤镉污染已成为影响我国烟叶品质安全的重要因素。镉不仅抑制烟草的生长发育、影响烟叶品质，还对烟草吸食者的健康构成潜在的威胁。作者综述了镉胁迫对烟草生长发育、生理特性及烟叶品质的影响，探讨了烟草对镉毒害的抗性机理，并对烟草镉防治相关研究进行了展望。
关键词：烟草；镉；毒害；抗性机理
中图分类号：S572 文章编号：1007-5119（2014）06-0093-05 DOI：10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2014.06.019
Abstract： In recent years， the heavy metal in tobacco leaves has caused increasing public concern and been both domestic and international research focus on tobacco. Tobacco could readily uptake cadmium from soils. The cadmium accumulation by tobacco in polluted soils is becoming one of the most important factors which affect the tobacco quality and security. The cadmium stress in soils could not only affect the physiological process and reduce the quality of tobacco， but also it is harmful to smokers. In this paper， the growth， physiological characteristics and quality performances of tobacco with the cadmium uptake are reviewed， and the cadmium resistance mechanism is discussed and some integrated approaches to reduce the uptake of cadmium by tobacco are suggested for further research.
Keywords： tobacco； cadmium； toxicity； resistance mechanism
近年来，重金属污染已越来越被公众和科学研究者所重视[1]。镉（Cd）污染是最常见的重金属污染之一，镉因其在土壤中有较强的化学活性，易被生物吸收且经食物链富集危害人体[2]，已成为对生态环境危害严重的重金属之一[3]。烟草作为我国重要的经济作物之一，如果种植于镉污染土壤中，不仅生长发育和烟叶品质受到影响[4]，烟草制品的安全性更是受到严重威胁”烟草是易于富集镉的作物之一（富集系数可达5～10）[5]，且吸收的镉主要分配积累于叶片中[6]。已有研究证实，烟叶中含有的镉可通过烟气进入人体，...
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