竹荪连作土壤拮抗细菌的分离鉴定及抑菌活性
摘 要 通过分离鉴定竹荪连作土壤中拮抗细菌，研究其抑菌作用。采用稀释平板涂布法，通过形态、生理生化特性及16S rDNA测序分析等方法分离、鉴定竹荪菌拮抗细菌，用平板对峙试验探究该菌对竹荪菌丝生长的抑制作用。结果表明，从竹荪连作地土壤中分离出1株对竹荪菌丝生长具有明显抑制作用的菌株。经鉴定，该菌株为巨大芽孢杆菌。平板对峙试验表明，该菌及其发酵液均对竹荪菌丝生长具有抑制作用，抑制率分别为58.37%、64.81%，而经高温灭菌和过滤膜除菌后的发酵液对竹荪菌丝生长的抑制率大大降低，说明发酵液所产生的抑菌物质可能是一种对高温敏感的蛋白质，该结论为竹荪连作障碍的全面解析提供理论依据。
关键词 竹荪 ；巨大芽孢杆菌 ；抑菌活性 ；连作障碍
中图分类号 S482.7 文献标识码 A Doi：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2018.01.016
Abstract This study screened out antagonistic bacteria in continuous cropping soil of dictyophora and analyzed its antibacterial activity. The bacteria were isolated by plate dilution method and the strains were identified by microscopic observations， biological identification and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The plate confrontation test were used to analyze the anti-microbial activity.The results showed that there was one bacteria showed great antibacterial activity on dictyophora. The bacteria was Bacillus megatherium. The plate confrontation test showed that Bacillus megatherium and its fermentation broth had inhibiting effect on the growth of dictyophora with the efficacy of 58.37% and 64.81%. However， biological inhibition was greatly declined when the fermented liquid was sterilized with high temperature and aseptic filtration.The antibacterial was a kind of protein which was sensitive to the high temperature. This paper could provide theoretical basis for the consecutive monoculture problems of Dictyophora.
Keywords Dictyophora echinovolvata ； Bacillus megatherium ； anti-microbial activity ； con...
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