烟草发酵中微生物研究进展
摘要 在烟草加工过程中烟叶发酵是改善烟草品质的一个重要环节,微生物菌群则是影响烟草品质的主要生物因素,并且贯穿于整个烟叶发酵过程。对目前国内外关于烟草发酵中微生物种类、动态变化、发酵机理以及应用研究作了简要概述,并指出了这些研究对烟草行业提高烟草品质的作用,为微生物发酵技术的推广应用提供理论依据和技术支撑。
关键词 烟草发酵;微生物;种类;动态变化;发酵机理;应用
中图分类号 TS44+.4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739(2014)09-0302-02
Research Progress of Microorganism in Tobacco Fermentation
SUN Yu-yu
(Department of Environmental Engineering and Chemistry of Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology,Luoyang Henan 471023)
Abstract Fermentation plays an important role to improve the quality of tobacco in the process of tobacco processing. Microbial flora is the main biological factors affecting the quality of tobacco,and throughout the whole process of tobacco fermentation. In this paper,research about microbial species,dynamic changes in tobacco fermentation,the fermentation mechanism and application at home and abroad were summarized,and the role of the research on the tobacco industry to improve tobacco quality was pointed out,so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the generalization and application of microbial fermentation technology.
Key words tobacco fermentation;microorganism;species;dynamic changes;fermentation mechanism;application
吸烟危害健康已是众所周知的事实。我国是世界上最大的烟草生产和消费国家之一,烟草带来巨大经济效益的同时,也给人类健康造成了很大的威胁。吸烟者主要是吸食烟草燃烧产生的烟气,烟草经高温燃烧释放的烟气中含有大量的有害物质如烟碱、亚硝胺(TSNA)和焦油等。烟草经燃烧释放的有害物质大部分由烟草中的蛋白质、碳水化合物等燃烧产生,这些有害物质不仅危害健康,而且影响卷烟的品质。减少卷烟燃烧产生的有害物质,提高卷烟品质,是烟草业广泛关...
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