拮抗菌AL7的鉴定及其生防特性的初步研究
摘要 从新疆棉田中分离获得一株细菌AL7， 利用形态观察、生理生化性状测定结合16S rDNA、gyrB序列分析对菌株AL7进行种属鉴定， 测定了菌株AL7及其挥发性气体对棉花黄萎病菌Verticillium dahliae的拮抗能力， 利用酸沉淀法粗提菌株AL7的抑菌活性物质， 并测定了该活性粗提物对棉花黄萎病菌生长及其孢子萌发的拮抗能力， 利用薄层层析法对活性物质进行了初步分离。结果表明， 菌株AL7为甲基营养型芽胞杆菌Bacillus methylotrophicus， 该菌株对棉花黄萎病菌具有极强的抑制作用， 分泌在PDA平板中的抑菌物质对病原菌的抑制持效期达14 d以上， 该菌株产生的挥发性气体对棉花黄萎病菌的抑制效果达59.2%； 菌株AL7的脂肽粗提物对棉花黄萎病菌抑制率达到82.8%， 能够充分抑制大丽轮枝菌孢子的萌发， 抑菌圈直径为36.1 mm， 生物自显影分析表明， 菌株AL7分泌的抑菌活性物质Rf值约为0.75～0.83， 该菌株在防治棉花黄萎病方面表现出较好的应用前景。
关键词 拮抗菌； 甲基营养型芽胞杆菌； 抑菌活性物质； 生物自显影分析
中图分类号： S 476
文献标识码： A
DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2017215
Abstract The bacterial strain AL7 was isolated from the cotton field in Xinjiang. It was identified through morphologic observation， physiological and biochemical character determination and 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequence analysis. The antagonistic effect of strain AL7 and its volatile gas that suppresses Verticillium dahliae growth were tested by confrontation culture method. Anti-fungal active ingredients of strain AL7 were extracted by acidic precipitation. The antagonistic effect of the active ingredients suppressing V. dahliae growth and their spore germination activities were tested by Oxford-cup test and plating method. The active substances were preliminarily separated by thin-layer chromatography method. The results indicated that strain AL7， identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus， had strong antagonistic effect on the growth of V. dahliae， with an inhibition zone of 33...
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