榆紫叶甲病原菌分离及生防菌的筛选与鉴定
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摘要[目的]探寻防治榆紫叶甲病的生防菌株。[方法]从榆紫叶甲虫体上分离菌株后进行培养，并对室内饲养的榆紫叶甲各龄幼虫进行致病性试验。[结果]从感病榆紫叶甲成虫虫体上分离到18个菌株，其中12个菌株具有几丁质和蛋白质降解活性。5个菌株对1～2 龄幼虫表现出不同程度的致病力，在接种后1～3 d幼虫开始死亡，处理后7 d 幼虫的累积死亡率为21.2%～46.8%，其中YJA-03和YJA-10菌株的累积死亡率>30.0%。YJA-03菌株为革兰氏阳性菌，经过形态学、生理生化特性和PCR 扩增鉴定确定它属于短杆菌属（Exiguobacterium）。YJA-10菌株为革兰氏阴性菌，经鉴定其属于Glutamicibacter属。[结论]YJA-03和YJA-10菌株可用作防治榆紫叶甲病的生防菌。
关键词榆紫叶甲；生物防治；菌株分离；生理生化特性
中图分类号S763.38文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2017）11-0003-04
Abstract[Objective] To explore the pathogen for the biological control of Ambrostoma quadriimpressum. [Method] Some bacteria strains were isolated from A. quadriimpressum to determine the pathogenicity of Bacillus thuringinensis to each instrar of larvae fed in the laboratory. [Result] 18 bacterial isolates were obtained from diseased adults of A. quadriimpressum， among them 12 isolates showed proteindegrading and chitindegrading activities. 5 isolates showed different pathogenicity to 1stinstar and 2ndinstar larvae of A. quadriimpressum. The larvae began to die during 3-7 d after inoculation， and the accumulative mortality rate of larvae of A. quadriimpressum was 21.2%-46.8%. The accumulative mortality rate of A.quadriimpressum larvae to YJA03 strain and YJA10 strain were more than 30%. YJA03 was identified as Grampositive bacterium， a bacteria of genus Exiguobacterium identified by morphological， physiological and biochemical characteristic...
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