秸秆堆肥降解过程中的微生物变化
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摘要：中国每年产生大量的农作物秸秆，然而这些秸秆并没有被合理应用，甚至造成严重的污染問题。利用微生物对秸秆进行堆肥降解是秸秆科学再利用的有效方式之一，具有无污染、成本低、条件温和、改善土壤有机质、提升土壤肥力等特点。堆肥条件下微生物群落的演替和酶系的变化直接影响着堆肥的效率，对秸秆堆肥降解过程中的微生物变化及堆肥条件进行了综述，以期为提高秸秆堆肥效率提供参考。
关键词：秸秆;堆肥降解;微生物;协同降解;多酶系;堆肥条件
中图分类号：S141.4 文献标识码：A
文章编号：0439-8114（2019）21-0081-06
DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.21.017
Abstract： A large amount of straw are produced every year in China. However， these straws have not been rationally used， and even cause serious pollution problems. Microbial composting degradation of straw is one of the effective ways of straw scientific reuse. It has the characteristics of pollution-free， low cost， mild conditions， and can improve soil organic matter and increase soil fertility. The efficiency of composting is directly affected by the succession of microbial communities and changes in enzyme systems under composting conditions. The changes of microorganism and composting conditions in the process of straw composting degradation were summarized to provide reference for improving the efficiency of straw composting.
Key words： straw; compost degradation; microorganisms; synergistic degradation; enzymes; composting conditions
中国每年秸秆产量有9亿t，加工副产物有5.8亿t，这些加工副产物综合利用率不到40%，60%以上的副产物被随意丢弃、堆放或用作生活燃料，这相当于0.47亿hm2土地的投入产出和6 000亿元的收入被浪费掉[1]。利用微生物降解秸秆具有无污染、成本低、条件温和等特点，近...
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