响应面优化油茶果壳中皂苷的微波提取工艺
摘 要 以油茶果壳为原料，采用微波浸提的方法对油茶果壳中皂苷进行提取分离，并对其提取工艺采取响应面法优化，以期获得较高提取率。以提取时间（min）、乙醇浓度（%）、微波功率（W）为3个参数为自变量，以油茶皂苷的提取率为响应值，采用Box-Behnken试验设计方法，探究提取时间、乙醇浓度及微波功率等因素对油茶皂苷提取率的影响，确定最佳工艺条件为：固定料液比为1：8（g/mL），提取时间为8 min，乙醇浓度为55%，微波功率为600 W，验证实验油茶皂苷的提取率为5.68%。优化油茶皂苷提取的工艺条件，对其工业生产及油茶果壳的综合利用均有重要价值。
关键词 油茶果壳 ；微波 ；油茶皂苷 ；响应面法
中图分类号 TS225.1 文献标识码 A Doi：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2019.02.014
Abstract Fruit hulls of oil tea （Camellia oleifera） were used as raw material to extract and separate saponins by microwave extraction， and the extraction process was optimized by response surface method in order to obtain higher extraction rate. The extraction time （min）， ethanol concentration （%） and microwave power were set as three independent variables， and the extraction rate of saponins was set as the response value. The Box-Behnken experimental design was applied to explore the effect of extraction time， ethanol concentration and microwave power interaction on the extraction rate of saponins， based on which the optimum conditions for the extraction were determined. The extraction rate of saponins was verified to be 5.68% under the designed optimum conditions that the ratio of solid to liquid was 1：8 （g/mL）， extraction time 8 min， ethanol concentration 55%， microwave power 600 W. Optimizing the extraction conditions of Camellia saponins has an important value for industrial production of saponins and comprehensive utilization of oil tea hulls.
Keywords Camellia oleifera fruit hull ； microwave ； saponins ...
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