基于道路网络分析的省际粮食运输成本研究
摘 要：借助GIS软件平台，结合铁路、水运航线、运费、转运费等数据，建立了道路网络数据模型，利用网络分析工具，分别获取了基于最低成本和最短运距下的两种运输路径及成本数据。对比分析发现：水路和铁路运输凭借其成本较低的优势在我国省际粮食运输中占据主要地位。在最低成本条件下，运输优路径经沿海和长江中下游航线频次最高，公路运输因其成本较高主要集中于省内或短途运输；省际粮食运输最高运费段为哈尔滨”拉萨段，总里程5 133km，经铁路一次性运输，运费为770元/吨；最低运费段为上海”南京段，总航程350km，经水路一次性运输，运费仅6元/吨。
关键词：粮食运输；最优路径；地理信息系统；网络分析
中图分类号：F50 文献标识码：A
Abstract： Inter-provincial grain transport plays an important role in our grain logistics system. The function of GIS network analyst had been the one of main methods of this kind of actual problem to solve the transport costs and paths. The study built the model of street network combined with railway， water transport routes， freight cost， transfer cost and others under the software platform of GIS. Obtained two kinds of transport route and cost data based on the lowest cost and the shortest dietance by the network analysisi. The study found that， shipping and rail transport occupied the main position in the inter-provincial grain transport of China because of the advantage of low cost. The optimal path through coastal and Yangtze River routes most frequently under the conditions of the lowest cost. Because of the high cost of road transport is mainly concentrated in the province or short-distance transport. The highest inter-provincial grain transport freight segment is Harbin-Lhasa section， the total mileage 5 133km， disposable transport by rail， and the freight is 770 yuan/ton， while the minimum freight segment is Shanghai-Nanjing section， total distance...
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