常州市2006~2015年麻疹流行病学及临床特征分析
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[摘要]目的 探讨本地区麻疹的流行病学特征及临床特点，为预防和控制麻疹提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2006～2015年我科收治的631例麻疹患者的临床资料。结果 2008年以后本地区麻疹流行强度减弱，流行季节主要集中冬春季，发病年龄主要集中在<8个月～<4岁和20～<30岁;发病人群以外来流动人口和散居儿童为主;209例（33.1%）患者发病前有麻疹接触史，接种过麻疹疫苗者85例（13.5%）;所有患者均有发热，均出现皮疹，体温峰值>39℃患者536例（84.9%）;麻疹患者出现不同程度的肝损害和心肌损害，麻疹病毒抗体IgM阳性率高;治疗以抗病毒及对症、支持为主，所有患者均治愈出院，未出现死亡病例。结论 近年本地区麻疹的发病强度、年龄分布、临床特征等方面均出现一些新变化，加强免疫接种，积极隔离及治疗患者，对控制和消除麻疹具有重要意义。
[关键词]麻疹;流行病学;临床特征
[中图分类号] R272.22 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2019）3（c）-0181-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of measles in this area， and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of measles. Methods The clinical data of 631 patients with measles admitted to our department from 2006 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Results After 2008， the epidemic intensity of measles in this area decreased， and the epidemic season mainly concentrated in winter and spring， the onset age of measles mainly concentrated in <8 months to 4 years old and 20 to 30 years old. Morbidity population and diaspora children are the main groups of the patients. 209 cases （33.1%） had a history of measles exposure before onset， and 85 cases （13.5%） had been vaccinated against measles. All patients had fever and rash， 536 patients （84.9%） had peak body tempe...
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