多棒结构磁致伸缩换能器的磁场研究
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摘要 基于换能器的不同应用背景，设计了2台换能器样机，分别为应用于高频的双棒结构换能器样机和应用于微米级抛光的四棒结构换能器样机。基于Maxwell方程组，应用有限元方法对两台多棒结构换能器样机进行了磁场分析，确定了最佳磁路结构。研究发现，在6 000 Hz频率和2 A励磁电流下，驱动线圈串联的双棒结构换能器的平均磁通密度为0.879 T。与其他磁路结构相比，它的磁通密度更高且更均匀，适用于高频换能器。对四棒结构换能器进行不同激励条件下的磁场分析，结果可知A棒和C棒的磁通密度相位相差180°，B棒和D棒的磁通密度相位也相差180°，磁通密度峰值均为0.45 T。4个磁致伸缩材料棒之间形成闭合回路，漏磁较小，具有三维位移输出，此磁路结构适用于微米级抛光的换能器。
关 键 词 磁致伸缩换能器;多棒结构;磁场分析;磁路优化;结构设计
中图分类号 TN712.2 文献标志码 A
Abstract Based on the different applications of transducer， two transducer prototypes are designed： two magnetostrictive rods transducer for high frequency applications and four magnetostrictive rods transducer for micron polishing. Based on Maxwell equations， the magnetic field of the two transducers is analyzed by finite element method， and the optimal magnetic circuit structure is determined. It is found that the average flux density of the two magnetostrictive rods transducer with driving coils in series is 0.879 T at 6000 Hz frequency and 2 A exciting current. Compared with other magnetic circuit structures， its flux density is higher and more evenly distributed， which is suitable for high frequency transducers. The magnetic field of the four magnetostrictive rods transducer under different exciting conditions is analyzed. The results show that the phase difference of the magnetic flux density of...
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