赤峰市不同地区蔬菜大棚土壤微生物种类及数量研究
摘要 对赤峰市8个蔬菜大棚集中区土壤中微生物的种类和数量进行了研究，探索不同蔬菜大棚区土壤微生物的变化。试验分别培养每份土壤中的细菌、真菌、放线菌，并于2、4、6 d后分别统计细菌、真菌、放线菌的菌落数，同时对真菌分离物进行形态学鉴定。结果表明，青霉、曲霉、镰刀菌3个属是土壤中常见的真菌，数量较多，占整个真菌总数的91.95%。大棚土壤微生物的种类、数量与大棚种植时间长短、种植作物以及是否连作密切相关。大棚种植时间长，微生物数量高；连作则微生物数量较低。
关键词 蔬菜大棚；土壤微生物；种类；数量；内蒙古赤峰
中图分类号 S154.3 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2017）16-0163-01
Abstract To study the differences of soil microorganism in different vegetable greenhouses，the species and quantity of soil microorganism of eight vegetable greenhouse in different areas of Chifeng City were detailed in this paper.The bacterium，fungi and actinomycetes of soil were cultivated，counted in 2，4，and 6 days after cultivated，and the fungi were identified in microscope.The results showed that the Penicillum，Aspergillus and Fusarium were the most，91.95% in fungi.The species and quantity of soil microorganism were related with the used time of greenhouse，species of crop and continuous cropping.The quantity of soil microorganism of long used greenhouse was more，continuous cropping greenhouse was less.
Key words vegetable greenhouse；soil microorganism；species；quantity；Chifeng Inner Mongolia
赤峰市地处内蒙古中东部，设施蔬菜面积达6.67万hm2以上[1]。随着设施蔬菜生产的发展和蔬菜大棚的特殊环境，蔬菜病害成为影响大棚蔬菜产量和品质的重要因素。尤其是随着连作年限的增加，土壤中病原微生物积累，导致近年来各类蔬菜的根腐病、疫病等土传病害日益严重[2]，而土壤是微生物存活和传播的重要途径。因此，研究蔬菜大棚这一特殊生态环境的土壤微生物区系，了解其种群特点，对于促进大棚生产有重要意义[3]。随着蔬菜大棚种植年限的增长，各类蔬菜的病害种类越来越多，而且由于赤峰市各个蔬菜主产...
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