檀香炭疽病病原鉴定及其生物学特性研究
摘 要 针对海南省近几年来趋重发生的檀香炭疽病，通过对该病病原进行形态学观察，致病性测定及rDNA-ITS序列分析，并研究病原菌生物学特性。结果表明，檀香炭疽病病原为Colletotrichum fructicola，该菌菌丝及分生孢子均能在10～35 ℃条件下生长，且菌丝最适生长温度及分生孢子最适萌发温度为30 ℃。该菌菌丝生长能适应的pH值范围为4.0～11.0，最适pH值为6.0，分生孢子萌发pH范围为4.0～11.0，最适萌发pH为5.0，光照条件下最有利于菌丝的生长，而黑暗条件下有利于分生孢子的萌发。该病病原菌在以蔗糖、可溶性淀粉为碳源的培养基上生长较好，在以蛋白胨、尿素、酵母膏浸粉、硫酸铵为氮源的培养基上生长较好。
关键词 檀香；炭疽病；形态学；rDNA-ITS序列；生物学特性
中图分类号 S763.15 文献标识码 A
Abstract Santalum album L. anthracnose occurs much more seriously in some areas of Hainan. The aim of the research was to figure out the species of anthracnose on S. album L.， The pathogen was identified with its morphologic characters， pathogenicity and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis， and the biological characteristics of the pathogen was also studied. The results showed that C. fructicola was the pathogens of S. album L. anthracnose. The mycelium of pathogen could grow normally at 10～35 ℃， but the favorable temperature was 30 ℃. The conidia germinated at 10～35 ℃， but the optimum temperature was 30 ℃. Mycelia could grow normally on PDA of which pH was among 4.0～11.0， but the optimum pH was 6.0. The conidia could germinate at pH4.0～11.0， but the favorable pH was 5.0. Lightness was favorable for mycelial growth， and darkness was optimum for conidial germination. Sucrose carbon and soluble starch was suitable for mycelial growth， Among the tested media of the nitrogen sources， Czapka liquid medium containing peptone， urea nitrate， yeast extract powder or ammonium sulfate was favorable for mycelia growth.
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